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Contém referências bibliográficas
Conservaçäo da natureza e recursos da terra
Contém referências bibliográficas
Bibliografia, p. 109
Indústria de serviços
Contém ref. bibliográficas
Contém referências bibliográficas
Contém referências bibliográficas
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Contém referências bibliográficas
Bibliografia : p. 241
Contém referências bibliográficas
Métodos matemáticos e estatísticos
Economia e política de desenvolvimento
Genética e melhoramento animal
Ciência e tecnologia dos computadores
Literatura portuguesa
Contém ref. bibliográficas
Dissertação apresentada à Escola Superior de Artes Aplicadas do Instituto Politécnico de Castelo Branco para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Música – Formação Musical e Música de Conjunto
Tourism is characterized for being a sector that has stood apart, as one of the business activities of the greatest expansion potential worldwide, and as an economical growth engine, which national impact is significant. But, if on a national level the importance of tourism is significant, on a more regional level this sector presents itself as an essential tool in regional development, as a mean to avoid regional desertification and stagnation of regions, by thrusting the natural and historical-cultural potential of the more undeveloped regions. On a world evermore global and competitive, it is of the most importance that companies develop strategic management, so that they may keep up to date with their environmental complexity, with the market trends and competitiveness, to obtain competitive advantage. Since it is unanimous that clusters increase the competiveness of a regional industry, and, since tourism is a powerful regional development tool, it is relevant and crucial to discuss the role of clusters in tourism. Clusters have become one of the most popular concepts of local and regional development, of research and exercise, because one of the goals of a tourism cluster is to lead companies that in a general manner work alone, to cooperate in the construct of a successful tourism product, to a given region. The aim of this paper is to present a competitiveness conceptual model, for a tourism cluster, for regional development. The main model characteristic is to emphasize the interaction between the determinants, to achieve competitiveness. Each determinant also enclosures a set of agents that promote pressure over the other determinant elements, so that the interaction degree defines the regional competitive advantage. In this model, competitiveness is the determining factor to a cluster’s success.
Tourism is characterized for being a sector that has been highlighted as one of the activities with greatest potential for expansion on a global scale. For its growth potential and for being a product that can only be consumed in loco, tourism accepts the prominence role of being a strategy for local development. In this context the search for competitiveness is one of the key concerns of companies around the world. As clusters being a competent tool in companies’ performance, in regional development and in countries’ competitiveness, it is important to analyze its potential in tourism. This research aims to propose a conceptual model to analyze how a tourism cluster encourages its regional competitiveness.
O presente Relatório de Estágio apresenta-se dividido em duas partes que se complementam, a primeira, Prática de Ensino Supervisionada e a segunda, Projeto de Ensino Artístico.
A primeira parte deste trabalho transparece o estágio profissional realizado no ano letivo de 2018/2019 na Escola de Artes do Norte Alentejano ao nível da Formação Musical e da Música de Conjunto. A segunda parte vem complementar a primeira, na medida em que procura fundamentar e analisar o que foi realizado em determinado período nas aulas de Formação Musical englobadas na Prática de Ensino Supervisionada.
Neste período de tempo, procurou-se utilizar o instrumento tocado pelos alunos assim como o respetivo repertório como recursos didáticos da disciplina, objetivando assim, um maior envolvimento na aprendizagem dos alunos assim como uma maior motivação para este processo, nomeadamente a envolvência evidente da motivação intrínseca e extrínseca na aprendizagem. Durante a aplicação das estratégias foi possível observar diretamente diferentes teorias, como a teoria da autodeterminação e a teoria da autoeficácia.
The main aim of this thesis is to analyze the relationship between innovation, entrepreneurship and competitiveness, following the triple helix network approach to regional economies, considering their impact on socio-economic development.
This correspondingly involved a mixed research typology, as advocated in chapters 2 to 5, alternating between quantitative methodologies, deploying descriptive statistics, structural equation modelling (SEM) and hierarchical cluster analysis; and the qualitative methodology underpinning the case studies.
The socio-economic prosperity of triple helix spaces (Academia-Industry-Political Decision regional spaces of interaction) depends on competitive advantages, including their positioning in terms of innovation and entrepreneurship factors, local endogenous resources and the development trajectories attained. The study revealed the scope for grouping the countries analyzed by the Global Competitiveness Report (GCR) and the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) into five clusters: (1) Balanced low performance, (2) Moderate competitiveness, (3) High competitiveness, (4) High GDP per capita, and (5) Performance excellence. Making direct comparisons between European regions, and with reference to the recognized United Kingdom centre of entrepreneurship in Oxfordshire, we recommend some future paths for the Centro region of Portugal, strongly based on the opportunities arising out of the Horizon 2020 programme and RIS3. Our conclusions point to the sheer relevance of important contributions from the regional and technological clusters and the collaborative A-I research and development projects studied to the overall socio-economic development of economies. In summary, we may highlight two important theoretical contributions from this thesis: (1) the presentation of the "Regional Helix Turbine Model", clarifying the role of different actors within the context of triple helix regional spaces and their potential contribution to enhancing competitiveness; and (2) the definition of a performance measurement model appropriately adjusted to these dynamics: the "Helix Regional Scoreboard".
As recommendations and future lines of research, we would call for the completion of comparative studies on the trajectories of triple helix regional spaces across Europe featuring different levels of innovation and competitiveness as well as the "RHS" validation through the comparison of the Oxfordshire and Centro regions,, both included in this thesis.
Tese de Doutoramento em Gestão, apresentada à Universidade da Beira Interior
Acidentes de enfermagem
Relatório do projeto final de licenciatura em Design de Comunicação e Produção Audiovisual
A Região de Turismo da Serra da Estrela (RTSE) dotada de impares condições paisagísticas, de recursos naturais únicos, repleta de cultura e historia, tornou-se uma região de lazer e de recreio muito apetecida. Observando o papel estratégico crucial que a actividade hoteleira detém na região e verificada a escassez de estudos de acompanhamento do desenvolvimento da actividade, visa a presente investigação contribuir para conhecer a realidade dos estabelecimentos hoteleiros de interesse para o turismo da RTSE. Deste modo pretende-se analisar os tipos de estratégias que estão a ser adoptadas nesta região, por este tipo de empresas, e identificar a existência (ou não) de grupos de empresas que prosseguem estratégias similares – grupos estratégicos. Para alcançar tais objectivos desenvolveu-se um estudo empírico, tendo por base as informações obtidas das análises estatísticas dos questionários realizados aos directores dos estabelecimentos hoteleiros de interesse para o turismo da RTSE. A análise dos componentes principais e a análise de clusters foram utilizadas na identificação dos grupos estratégicos. Os resultados das análises efectuadas permitiram concluir que os estabelecimentos hoteleiros seguem estratégias combinadas, em vez de uma estratégia específica. Foi possível detectar ainda a existência de diferentes grupos estratégicos, no qual utilizam estratégias competitivas similares. Deste processo resultou também, que as empresas pertencentes ao sector hoteleiro à semelhança das empresas de outros sectores, consideram que a estratégia assume um papel determinante para o sucesso da sua actividade.
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to study the linkage of innovation and entrepreneurship to economic growth in countries with different levels of development.
Design/methodology/approach
Following quantitative analysis, the authors carry out three empirical approaches to examine the effects of innovation and entrepreneurship on competitiveness. In accordance with their initial study framework, they test the conceptual model of competitiveness through applying descriptive statistics, structural equation modelling (SEM) and hierarchical cluster analysis. Descriptive statistics and SEM data sources from the Global Competitiveness Report of the World Economic Forum were analysed for 148 countries. The hierarchical cluster analysis furthermore analysed Global Entrepreneurship Monitor data on 67 different countries.
Findings
The study confirmed that innovation and sophistication factors are crucial to the competitiveness of economies. The study also revealed the definition of five clusters relative to the competitive performance of advanced economies following the introduction of new entrepreneurship variables.
Originality/value
This research aims to open up avenues for the development of regional competitiveness studies.
There has been an increased interest in understanding entrepreneurship practices in a regional development context, which has led to the concept of entrepreneurial regional innovation systems being developed (Cooke & Leydesdorff, 2006). The reason for this is due to the role entrepreneurial activity and resulting firm creation has on regional economic growth (Acs & Armington, 2004; Audretsch & Keilbach, 2005). Exercising a sense of embeddedness is a key determinant of individuals and firms choosing to locate in a region but it is also influenced by the entrepreneurship embedded in a region (Audretsch & Belitski, 2017). Whilst recent articles in European Planning Studies have stressed the need for entrepreneurship to be more integrated into regional innovation research (e.g. Cabras & Mount, 2015; Cooke, 2017; Stam, 2015; Yun, Cooke, & Park, 2017), less is known about how it is embedded in a region utilizing innovativeness and creativity perspectives.Thismeansamoreexplicitrecognitionoftheroleentrepreneurshipplaysandits interlinkages with regional studies can increase policy and research initiatives around this topic. This special issue is concerned with developing new perspectives on regional innovation systems and entrepreneurial embeddedness, thereby, offering exciting new directions for research about how the dynamics of innovation in a regional development context are explained by emerging entrepreneurial practices.
Thisarticleaimstoevaluatetheresourcesandcapabilitiesininsularregions,andalsotounderstand howvaluecreationandcommercializationtakeplaceintheexistingecosystems.Aqualitativeresearch methodologywasfollowedthroughacasestudy,incorporatinginterviewswithincubatorsmanagersof theinsularregionsofPortugal(AzoresandMadeira).Theresultsshowsomedifficultiesasaresultof theecosystem’sinsularity.Toshortentheinsularregionsdissymmetrycomparedtoothernon-insular regions,anewmodelisproposedtohelptheseregionsovercometheireconomicandsocialproblems.
Entrepreneurial ecosystems are now central to the economic policies of nations, with particular relevance in Europe. This chapter intends to explore the evolution of the studies on innovation and entrepreneurship ecosystems in order to identify gaps and new perspectives of research that can serve as a reflection to universities, political decisions, and the business fabric. Extensive research was conducted using the Web of Science database. Six clusters were found in the literature on entrepreneurship and innovation ecosystems: ecosystems of innovation, entrepreneurship, region, new ventures, technology, and entrepreneurial university. New theoretical perspectives based on bibliometric analysis and new research paths have been identified.
The recent change in the regional development strategy of the European Union (EU) results in an important need to study the terms of change and their respective implications. This study seeks, through a bibliometric analysis, to ascertain the developments taking place in studies on research and innovation strategies for smart specialisation (RIS3) to identify shortcomings and opportunities for future research. This bibliometric review drew upon the Scopus database with the sample selected containing all the articles containing the keywords “Research and Innovation Strategies for Smart Specialisation” or “RIS3.” This correspondingly reports how some authors maintain that the path the EU should take involves imitative innovation. Meanwhile, others propose that each region should specialise in those industries that are already established there and thus avoid targeting any areas they do not already know/specialise in. Our findings detail six clusters in RIS3 research, which help in contextualising the literature review: (a) business discovery; (b) smart specialisation; (c) innovation; (d) specialisation; (e) regional policies; and (f) regional development. This study furthermore sets out perspectives for future lines of research and correspondingly seeks to convey a vast theoretical basis
that may serve as the point of departure for future studies.
Global competition is today a reality and making smart regions smarter through smart specialization
is currently on the political and economic agenda of territories. This study aims to contribute to
clarifying the framework for the regional innovation ecosystems as well as identifying new research
paths. Through extensive research using the Web of Science database with resource to a bibliometric
analysis on smart specialization, six clusters were identified: cluster 1 – innovation networks and
triple helix; cluster 2 - regional innovation systems; cluster 3 – regional innovation network; cluster
4 - smart innovation policies; cluster 5 – smart specialization; and cluster 6 - Asian innovation
systems. Several future lines of research recently published in literature distributed by the six
clusters were identified. This study also contributes to open new research horizons in these areas of
knowledge, allowing the emergence of new streams of thought on the part of scholars, policymakers,
economic agents and society in general.
This research seeks to identify the factors that best explain the performance of regional innovation in Europe, in the era of smart specialization. Data were collected from the Regional Innovation Scoreboard 2016 and a quantitative methodology was followed using linear regressions as statistical methods. The results allowed us to reach four explanatory models of performance innovation for Innovative Regions Leader, Strong, Moderate and Modest. Some policies have also been suggested as possible regional innovation measures that can help policy makers to clarify and improve the innovation performance of these regions.
Purpose
This paper focuses on the issue of global competitive advantage of nations, based on the dimensions analyzed by the World Economic Forum in assessing the economic competitiveness of a large sample of countries. From the different stages of development of the countries, this study aims to help us to recognize what variables better explain the global competitive advantage of economies.
Design/methodology/approach
Following quantitative analysis, results based on PLS show what dimensions within each economic development stage best explain the global competitive advantage of economies.
Findings
Beyond the institutions, infrastructure and regulation of the markets, higher education and training, the technological readiness, the business sophistication and innovation contribute greatly to explain the competitive advantage of economies.
Originality/value
Understanding the drivers of global competitive advantage of nations, this study may help academics to conduct new studies, as well as politicians to define intervention priorities.
This study aims at assessing stakeholder perceptions regarding the suitability of smart/intelligent specialisation strategies defined for their framework regions. We adopted a quantitative methodology through questionnaire surveys of the different stakeholders in Portuguese regions in keeping with the VRIO model applied to the regions. The study results emphasise that stakeholder perceptions of the appropriateness of the smart specialisation strategies defined for their framework regions does not coincide with the intelligent specialisation strategies defined by their policy makers. This study attempts to contribute to an innovative framework which helps policy-makers assessing and measuring the regional performance. The study furthermore proposes measures to bridge the gaps found in the regional smart specialisation strategies.
The present research aims to contribute for the analysis of the theoretical evolution of the triple helix, quadruple helix, quintuple helix, and multiple helix concepts, embracing the dynamic interaction of different stakeholders in the context of regional innovation systems. Following a preliminary literature review on the subject, it was possible to develop a systematic literature review with a bibliometric analysis of research that addressed the evolution of the triple helix until the multiple helix, into the regional innovation systems perspective. Extensive research was conducted using the Web of Science database between 1990 and 2018, covering a total of 378 articles, generators of 9991 citations. Four clusters were found in the literature for this field of research: R&D Collaborations and Innovation; Entrepreneurial Activity in Entrepreneurial University; Triple Helix Dynamics; and Quadruple Helix in Regional Innovation Systems. New theoretical perspectives based on bibliometric analysis and new research paths have been identified, aiming to better understand the regional interaction of stakeholders for innovation and entrepreneurship.
Understanding customer loyalty has been a growing concern for the services industry. In a context of increasing competitive pressures, such loyalty is seen as a key element in service companies’ success. Maintaining customer loyalty and identifying its underlying factors, however, are recognizably di cult to do. Grounded on the use of cognitive mapping techniques, this paper proposes a knowledge-based framework for the identi cation of the key determinants of customer loyalty, and the relationships among them. A step-by-step guide to the development of such a framework is presented, and illustrated through a practical application in the banking context. e resulting ndings are supportive of the applicability of such methods for understanding customer loyalty, and the improvement of long-term relationships with customers. ey are furthermore indicative of new ways in which knowledge can be incorporated into management activities to improve service outcomes. Some managerial implications of our contribution and avenues for future research are also reported.
This paper sought to analyse the dynamics underlying university technology transfer and commercialisation mechanisms. We adopt a qualitative research methodology, which incorporates different case studies, interviews and applied research of the actors involved in universities, business incubators and start-ups. While limited to three case studies, this paper does highlight the technology transfer mechanisms and the support provided to commercialisation, including the identification of the difficulties and opportunities present within the context of cooperation networks. By surveying those running incubators and incubator company managers in conjunction with analysis of research, development and innovation (RDI) cooperative projects backed by European funding, we were able to gain insights into the different processes of transferring and commercialising technology. Falling within the framework of the third component of universities’ mission, this article demonstrates not only the importance of RDI cooperation networks but also how the consequent commercialisation of new products and services generates positive consequences for economic growth.
Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to involve the differences in the entrepreneurial intentions of student
at higher education institutions (HEIs) in the Portuguese regions (mainland and insular).
Design/methodology/approach – Applying a sample of 594 valid responses, the authors analyzed the
data according to linear regression models.
Findings – The results convey how HEI students generally do not intend to become entrepreneurs in both
the mainland and the insular regions. Although HEI students broadly do not aim to launch their own
businesses, the results show that students in mainland regions feel they have the skills to start a business and
drive it to success. In insular regions, students feel encouraged by their friends and family to set up their own
business. When comparing insular and mainland regions, the results demonstrate how in insular regions,
there is a greater probability that HEI students become entrepreneurs than in the mainland regions.
Furthermore, entrepreneurial intentions in the mainland regions develop in terms of “opportunities” while
driven by necessity in the insular regions.
Practical implications – This furthermore makes recommendations to regional governments and to HEIs
in order to enable better encouragement of entrepreneurship in academia.
Originality/value – This study is original and innovative due to its comparison of the entrepreneurial intentions
prevailing in mainland and insular regions and may propose new highlights to the academic scientific literature.
Purpose
Small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) have become increasingly important in national and international markets because they contribute to the development of local and national economies. SMEs often face serious challenges when competing with multinational companies. The purpose of this paper is to develop a method for assessing SMEs’ competitiveness.
Design/methodology/approach
Based on a constructivist epistemology, this study makes an integrated use of cognitive mapping and the measuring attractiveness by a categorical-based evaluation technique (MACBETH). To this end, face-to-face sessions were conducted with a panel of entrepreneurs and senior managers who deal with the challenges of maintaining SME competitiveness every day. The proposed assessment system was tested and validated by the panel members.
Findings
The methodological processes adopted in this study provide promising results for decision makers seeking to identify the most competitive SMEs. Specifically, the results emphasize, among other points, the importance of innovation and the human dimension to gaining competitive advantages.
Research limitations/implications
The evaluation system developed in this study is extremely versatile and confirms the usefulness of integrating cognitive mapping and MACBETH to facilitate evaluations of SME competitiveness. However, due to its idiosyncratic and process-oriented nature, generalizations need to be done with caution.
Practical implications
The proposed method can be valuable to researchers seeking to develop mechanisms for evaluating SMEs’ entrepreneurial performance and include specialized know-how and sensemaking in organizational decision-making processes.
Originality/value
The integrated use of cognitive maps and MACBETH contributes to a better understanding of how to assess SMEs’ competitiveness. No prior work reporting the use of this dual methodology in this study context has been found.
The regional innovation systems (RIS) concept has become popular among academics, political decision-makers and regional stakeholders of innovation. Understanding the competitive dynamics of RIS and their impact on regional competitiveness today has thus become a priority. This paper provides researchers, academics, political decision-makers and other interested parties with a map of the different approaches to RIS, aiding in the definition of new territorial innovation policies. With a co-citation resource approach, an extensive search of the Web of Science database was carried out and it encountered four clusters in the literature on RIS: regional knowledge systems; regional institutional systems; regional research and development systems; and regional network systems. This correspondingly sets out new theoretical perspectives based on bibliometric analysis techniques and new paths for scientific reflection and research.
Contém referências bibliográficas
Apresenta os trabalhos desenvolvidos no âmbito do Projeto "Avaliação do impacte de fogos florestais nos recursos hídricos subterrâneos" (POCI/AGR/59180/2004) durante o ano de 2007.
