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Tese de mestrado em Engenharia Mecânica, Universidade de Coimbra, 1999
This paper presents an exploratory study conducted at two Higher Education Engineering Schools,
namely in the Lapland University of Applied Sciences (Finland) and in the Polytechnic Institute of
Castelo Branco (Portugal), with the aim of constructing digital learning environments that promote
increasing learning autonomy to students working with 3D printing technologies in engineering design.
Based on pilot blended learning experiences carried-out in both schools, new instructional design
solutions are proposed and discussed, aiming at a widespread use of such digital platforms not only
for blended and online learning processes in engineering schools, but also as Massive Open Online
Courses open to wider communities interested in such technologies.
Los desafíos de los recursos de aprendizaje digital se extienden mucho más allá
de las plataformas convencionales de enseñanza-aprendizaje en línea como Moodle
o Blackboard. Al estar la primera más orientada a momentos de aprendizaje
asincrónico y la segunda a clases sincrónicas, estas dos plataformas están diseñadas
para un proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje controlado por el docente. Dado que la
Educación Superior es un espacio que permite aumentar la autonomía de los
estudiantes para aplicar sus conocimientos y habilidades a nuevas situaciones, es
importante fomentar esta misma autonomía en los estudiantes a partir de soluciones
atractivas e innovadoras.
This study focuses on exploring the sustainability characteristics of the regional produce, which comes
from the Beiras region of Portugal to support new differentiation claims and forecast its effect on a
global mass-market. Considering a Multiple Helix approach, this study aims to examine the role and
perception of local academia in relation to this new premise to enhance the dynamic and competitive
positioning of such regional produce. To this end, several in-depth interviews were conducted with
local researchers and decision-makers, allowing the significance and potential of the proposed green
claims to be discussed. Several insights into the subject were developed and new directives were
presented. Nonetheless, complementary research may still be necessary to assess the remaining
multiple helix actors of the local ecosystem in order to identify and develop the most promising
strategies to effectively promote local endogenous produce to a global market.
This case study refers to the collaborative work of pre-engineering and engineering students,
supported by their content and English for Specific Purposes (ESP) teachers, on the development of a
full semester assignment focusing on the design and construction of a dedicated glossary of terms.
Based on a student-centered Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) approach,
intermediate tasks were proposed to the students to construct their own personal glossary about the
subject. As a result of the combined effort of all actors, a full class bilingual glossary of terms was
obtained for engineering design technologies as part of learning in engineering through a collaborative
CLIL approach.
Intercultural, multilingual and culturally and academically diverse classrooms are a common reality in current higher education (HE) landscapes, as globalisation is effectively taking place in all major schools. Rethinking instructional design strategies that contribute to the overcoming of communication and cultural differences in both online and blended learning processes may help not only improve the development of more efficient online learning environments but also meet the challenges of current teaching and learning processes. Special focus will be put into engineering education through the medium of English and the training of engineering lecturers in HE through communities of practice (CoPs), which present, integrate and discuss how to integrate content and language (through what is known as the content and language integrated learning (CLIL) approach) as well as trends, challenges and opportunities related to recent technological developments on students’ learning ourcomes. The desciption of the pedagogical training shared through a CoP describes E-strategies to improve instructional design in engineering courses in online learning environments when English is used as a medium of instruction and integrated with content in a CLIL approach.
Lean and Green manufacturing processes aim at achieving lower material and
labour costs, while reducing impacts on the environment, and promoting sustainability
as a whole. This paper reports on a pilot experiment with higher education and engineering
students, exploring the full potential of a collaborative approach on courses
integrating the Portuguese Polytechnic of Castelo Branco engineering studies curricula,
while simultaneously improving their proÞ ciency in English. Content and Language
Integrated Learning (CLIL) has become a key area of curricular innovation since it is
known for improving both language and content teacher and student motivation. In
this context, instructional design for CLIL entailed tandem work of content (engineering)
and language (English) teacher to design learning sequences and strategies. This
allowed students to improve not only their language skills in English but also their
knowledge in the speciÞ c engineering domain content on green and lean manufacturing
processes.
In order to understand the intercultural awareness development of engineering students, which is
necessary for them to fully function in globalized educational and professional work contexts, a
dedicated project was carried-out with Industrial Engineering students in a Higher Education
Portuguese Polytechnic Institute during three successive academic years in the framework of an
adjunct CLIL pilot experiment. Students’ perceptions were collected and assessed in order to tackle
two main research questions: “Do students feel they have more opportunities for global employment or
globally networked collaborative innovation?” and “What were the difficulties experienced because of
the CLIL methodological approach?”. Preliminary findings point out that even though students feel that
competence in English is important (or very important) concerning their work as engineers, the
majority states not being proficient in that language. Students also refer that the CLIL approach
allowed them to develop collaborative work with other colleagues and helped them understand better
their own personal language learning needs, thus contributing to facilitate their communication in a
foreign language.
“This is a post-peer-review, pre-copyedit version of an article published in Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering. The final authenticated version is available online at: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-91334-6_45"
The Multiple Helix may be defined as a general framework to explore complex
innovation dynamics amongst the main actors such as governance, academia, industry and
society. Considering that the Multiple Helix approach adds to the traditional Triple Helix
framework the influence of society in its multiple intervening roles, a wider and broader
discussion is needed to fully comprehend the resulting dynamics in such complex
ecosystems. As currently innovation cannot be discussed without considering sustainability
aspects and goals, multiple combinations of knowledge and resources have to be addressed in
an attempt to harmonize the ambitions of both environmental conservation and economic
growth. To this end, current study aims at reviewing and discussing the Circular Economy
fundamentals based on a Multiple Helix framework, as it is considered key that the
relationship between industry and environment is crucial for industrial business performance.
The body of knowledge that is created here is meant to support mainly students and
practitioners, but also new researchers, which are addressing the problematic of Circular
Economy in a Multiple Helix Perspective.
“The final publication is available at www.ijomam.com”
Continuous technological advances keep challenging current and future engineers to anticipate and adapt to the new trends and paradigms that are expected to take place in a near future. One of such paradigms is the Industry 4.0 that encompasses the promise of a new industrial revolution based on the interconnectivity of people and systems to communicate, analyse and use information related to industrial processes. New challenges, as well as new opportunities, will rise in this digital landscape, demanding from future engineers the ability to adapt and grow in such ground-breaking environments. With such dynamic changes taking place in the current and future industries, engineering education has to adapt and prepare future graduates to work and function in these demanding environments. The set of skills envisaged to be held by future engineers is the ability to work and collaborate using digital means of participation as well as the ability to effectively use intercultural communicative skills. To this end, an exploratory study was conducted among different European Higher Education Engineering Schools to integrate a project with common aims and goals, resulting in various collaborative engineering activities that were designed to be carried out by undergraduate industrial and mechanical engineering students to further improve their learning outcomes and to acquire, or improve on, dedicated intercultural, communicative and colaborative skills. Following both quantitative and qualitative approaches, this study combined different types of data and methods of analysis in order to provide an exploratory account of the envisaged findings.
In order to understand the potential of Online Learning Environment tools and resources in
Engineering Education, a project on the use of dedicated educational strategies has been carried-out
in various European Schools of Engineering to improve students’ engagement on different forms of
participation and to enhance their learning outcomes. This study focuses on the use of Web 2.0 tools
while teaching Manufacturing Processes to Industrial Engineering students of a Higher Education
Portuguese Polytechnic Institute during a full semester. Cumulatively to students’ perceptions, data
was collected and assessed to infer about two main research questions: “Are engineering students
able to use efficiently online learning tools to enhance their autonomous learning process?” and “Can
engineering students work collaboratively using online tools towards achieving common learning
goals?”. Preliminary findings showed that students managed to efficiently use the proposed online
collaborative learning tools during the course. However, students preferred the individual learning
tools and processes to working and learning collaboratively from and with each other.
No âmbito do processo industrial da Celtejo, Empresa de Celulose do Tejo, S.A., foi identificada uma quebra no desempenho do descascador que opera no parque de madeiras da sua unidade industrial. Esta quebra de
desempenho verificava-se devido à ocorrência de um desgaste excessivo das suas lâminas de corte, obrigando à sua substituição regular e prematura. Tais quebras de desempenho tinham como implicação direta um incremento dos custos associados à operação e à manutenção do equipamento, bem como aos materiais e recursos humanos associados a essas operações, assim como às perdas de produção daí resultantes.
A administração da Celtejo lançou o repto ao IPCB, no sentido de analisar a origem do desgaste dos componentes do descascador, bem como apresentar eventuais propostas de soluções com vista a minimizar o seu desgaste precoce.
O presente trabalho constitui um estudo preliminar do problema, tendo sido desenvolvido, com supervisão, pelos alunos Francisco Vicente Granada Reis Pio e Paulo Alexandre Costa dos Santos através do seu trabalho “Ensaio metalográfico e microdureza dos microconstituintes do aço Hardox 500”, submetido para avaliação no âmbito da Unidade Curricular de Caracterização Mecânica dos Materiais do 2.º ano curricular da licenciatura em Engenharia Industrial.
Current research uses a finite element analysis to characterize the effect of the materials mechanical and tribological properties on the interaction between the biological tissues of a transfemoral amputation and the combined prosthesis. Considering that both friction and mechanical properties influence the stress distribution between different interfaces, these were analyzed on the contacts of the prosthesis and the liner, the liner and the soft tissues and, finally, the soft tissues and the cortical bone. This is of significant importance, as it has been acknowledged that the shear stress distribution at these interfaces significantly impacts the patients’ comfort. These shear stresses have also been reported as one of the leading causes of pressure ulcers in osteotomized patients. Finally, this research discusses the influence of the soft tissues and the liner constitutive law in the stress field generated at the biological tissues. In particular, for the liner, the results using a linear elastic model are compared with those using the Mooney-Rivlin hyperelastic model. The results using a linear elastic model are compared with the Neo-Hookean and Ogden models’ results for the soft tissues.
The use of numerical modelling tools allows optimizing the development of complex anatomical artefacts, such as customized prostheses for lower limb amputees. These numerical tools make it possible to characterize the interfacial interactions taking place between different parts of the prosthesis and the residual limb. This allows for understanding which rectifications and fittings having to be made on the custom design of the artificial body part without the need for manufacturing and donning prostheses. To such end, current research focused on the development of a preliminary Finite Element Model to assess the effects of friction on the residual limb of a transfemoral amputee, as the friction on the contact between the soft tissues, the liner and the prosthesis of the amputee is of major importance for his/her health and comfort.
Neste artigo é avaliado o efeito das propriedades mecânicas e tribológicas dos materiais na interação entre os diversos componentes da prótese numa amputação transfemoral, através de uma análise por elementos finitos. O modelo numérico é desenvolvido sobre o software MSC.marc. O atrito vai influenciar a distribuição de tensões entre as diversas interfaces – prótese/liner, liner/tecidos moles e tecidos moles/osso cortical. A distribuição das tensões de corte junto às interfaces, influencia o conforto do paciente, sendo uma das principais causas da geração de úlceras de pressão nos pacientes amputados que usam este tipo de próteses.
É analisada a influência dos modelos constitutivos utilizados na modelação dos tecidos moles e do liner, na distribuição de tensão. Em concreto são comparados os resultados obtidos com a utilização de um modelo linear elástico com os obtidos com modelos hiperelásticos.
Trabalho de Projecto apresentado à Escola Superior de Artes Aplicadas do Instituto Politécnico de
Castelo Branco com a Faculdade de Arquitectura da Universidade Técnica de Lisboa para cumprimento
dos requisitos necessários à obtenção do grau de Mestre em Design de Vestuário e Têxtil.
The paper presents a pneumatic system with two oscillating masses. The system is
composed of a cylinder (framework) with mass m1, which has a piston with mass m2 inside.
The cylinder (framework system) has one supplying channel for compressed air and one
evicting channel for each work chamber (left and right of the piston). Functionality of the
piston position comparatively with the cylinder (framework) is possible through the supplying
or evicting of compressed air. The variable force that keeps the movement depends on
variation of the pressure that is changing depending on the piston position according to the
cylinder (framework) and to the section form that is supplying and evicting channels with
compressed air.
The paper presents the physical model/pattern, the mathematical model/pattern (differential
equations) and numerical solution of the differential equations in hypothesis with the section
form of supplying and evicting channels with compressed air is rectangular (variation linear) or
circular (variation nonlinear).
Within a pulp industry production process, a drop in the performance of a wood log rotary debarker
was identified. Such loss of performance was due to the occurrence of excessive wear of the device’s
cutting blades, requiring their regular and premature replacement. The material used to manufacture
the cutting blades, Hardox 500, has characteristics considered adequate for the required use. However,
it was concluded that the blade manufacturing process degraded its mechanical properties, leading
to its premature wear when placed in service. The present study intends to propose, characterize, and
validate an alternative cutting process to manufacture the debarker’s cutting blades. Abrasive waterjet
cutting technology was proposed to produce the cutting blades. The suitability of this manufacturing
process is discussed considering the specified geometry and the material characteristics of the resulting
cutting blades.
Dissertação apresentada à Escola Superior de Artes Aplicadas do Instituto Politécnico de Castelo Branco, para dissertação do grau de Mestre em Design de Vestuário e Têxtil.
Contém ref. bibliográficas
