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O artigo faz uma reflexão sobre a possibilidade de os diagramas facilitarem a construção e análise de sistemas de identidade Visual e está enquadrado numa investigação em doutoramento sobre a temática. Sintetiza uma combinação da crítica da literatura especializada e dos casos de estudos realizados, na observação da prática profissional, que serviram para a construção de um modelo, apoiado nas linguagens de síntese, que pretende clarificar os constituintes dos sistemas referidos, aumentando o poder de decisão sobre o projecto de design nesse contexto. Apresenta também, um resumo de alguns dos resultados da aplicação prática desse modelo, mostrando a capacidade que os diagramas podem ter na simplificação do processo de design da Linguagem Visual das Marcas.

O objectivo deste trabalho consistiu em testar diferentes escalas de abordagem com o intuito de verificar qual a que permite obter melhores correlações entre a composição das comunidades de aves nidificantes e a estrutura de uso.

The understanding of the relationship between communities and the landscape mosaic, shaped by the different land uses, is important for an integrated management of the habitats. The landscape indexes might be a useful tool for landscape analysis as well as a landscape describer. The scope of this work is to check the reliability of some landscape indexes by using a multi scale approach, verifying how the nesting passeriformes birds communities are related with the landscape structure of the montado . Data was obtained from bird and vegetation census and form a spatial analysis applied on a land use map. Multivariate statistics analysis were performed and interpreted accordingly with the species ecological requirements in order to detect the more reliable scale for landscape indexes.

The S. Mamede Natural Park includes a mountain area, distributed along S. Salvador de Aramenha (Marvão municipality) and S. Julião (Portalegre municipality) regions. Contrasting with the population evolution in Portugal for the last 20 years (+4%) the population decreased 27% in Marvão and 6% in Portalegre. The number of people in farming business in both municipalities decreased around 34% (1989-1999). In S. Salvador the evolution was similar; however in S. Julião the decrease was just 13%. Did that land abandonment induce significant landscape changes? The land use was mapped in two different moments (1967 and 2001) and compared using ArcView GIS software. Official statistical data was used to complement the spatial analysis (population and agricultural census). In 1967, the intensive forest in S. Julião represented 20% from total area (4223 ha) as comparing with 9% from S. Salvador total area (4972 ha). The olive grove area was 18% in S. Julião and 29% in S. Salvador. Open fields represented 21% and 25% in S. Julião and S. Salvador respectively. The increase in intensive forest use (1967-2001) was more than 120% for both regions; however, these changes had different origins. In S. Salvador the increase was due to areas being occupied for several uses, namely shrublands, olive groves and orchards; in S. Julião the change resulted from the open field areas being replaced. The open fields area decreased 70%, representing only 6% of the total area of S. Julião at the present. Perhaps reflecting these changes, at S. Julião region the stock number did not change significantly as comparing with S. Salvador, where the number of heads increased (1972-1999) with emphasis on sheep (119 to 4377 ewes). Most likely, farming in open fields changed from cereals to pastures production supporting this livestock increase. New land uses emerging in S. Salvador (golf courses, water bodies and fabric) might be qualitatively important and reflect the establishment of other economic activities, absorbing people from farming business.