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Portugal não dispõe de instrumentos que permitam uma análise aprofundada dos seus movimentos migratórios internos, apesar da sua importância na dinâmica populacional. Neste artigo partimos dos dados do questionário individual do censo de 2001, em que se perguntava a cada indivíduo se residia no concelho em que é recenseado nos dois e cinco anos anteriores, e dos globais de 2011 relativos à mesma pergunta. Concluímos que, nos dois censos, mais de 6% do total dos residentes num determinado concelho, migraram em data anterior pelo menos uma vez, e cerca de 2% do total de residentes tiveram residência anterior no estrangeiro. Por outro lado, em 2001, considerando o desenvolvimento dos dados trabalhados, os que se moveram dispunham de mais habilitações do que a média da população portuguesa no mesmo grupo etário e mostravam níveis mais elevados de emprego

Background: The UN Replacement Migration report (2000) had a significant impact in academic and civil society. Its approach consisted of estimating the migration volumes required to mitigate the effects of population decline and ageing. The volume of migrants required to prevent population decline and sustain the working-age population was not particularly high, but the vast number of migrants needed to maintain the potential support ratio was highlighted as an unrealistic goal. Objective: In this paper the UN exercise is revisited and updated by deploying the concept of prospective age to overcome a strict chronological definition of the working-age population. The replacement migration approach is developed from a new European perspective, the temporal series is extended for an additional decade, and alternative operative age-group definitions are compared by projecting replacement migration estimations according to both classic (conventional) and dynamic (prospective) age limits. Conclusions: The key conclusions of the original UN publication are reasserted. In many countries the replacement migration volumes needed to sustain the decline in total population and working-age population are of an order of magnitude similar to recent observed migration. However, even under the prospective-age approach the halt of the ageing process – expressed as the maintenance of the current potential support ratio – remains an unrealistic target. Contribution: We propose the deployment of the prospective-age concept to define dynamic age limits in the definition of working-age population. Because the prospective-age concept is flexible it will be possible to explore other dimensions from this perspective in the future, increasing the analytical potential of replacement migration estimations as a valuable contribution to the demographic ageing debate