Construir la animación sociocultural
Froufe Quintas, Sindo
1994
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Filosofia do desporto
Relatório do Trabalho de Fim de Curso de Design de Comunicação e Produção Audiovisual apresentado à Escola Superior de Artes Aplicadas do Instituto Politécnico de Castelo Branco.
Objective: To assess the efficacy of manual lymphatic drainage (MLD) in the
treatment of patients with chronic venous disease (CVD).
Design: Three cross-sectional studies and one single-blind randomized
controlled trial, were performed.
Methods: A total of 108 participants with CVD and 62 healthy participants
were assessed in four studies. The first study assessed calf muscle pump function
(CMPF) and architecture of gastrocnemius muscles by ultrasound in CVD and
healthy participants; the second and third studies were performed with duplex
ultrasound to assess venous hemodynamics during MLD; the fourth study, a
randomized controlled study, assessed for efficacy of the MLD in CVD management.
Results: Ultrasound measures demonstrate changes in CMPF efficacy along a
series of contractions as well as between CVD and healthy participants, although the
method suffers from bias. MLD maneuvers increase superficial and deep venous
flow, mostly when applied along the anatomical course of the major lower limb
veins, but without differences between different MLD maneuvers. MLD decreases
the symptoms and clinical severity (related to venous edema) of CVD, and improve
dimension of pain of health-related quality of life in this condition, after four weeks
of treatment and the effect is maintained after 4 weeks of follow up.
Conclusions: MLD applied with skin-stretching along the course of venous
vessels increases venous return, and may be used as a conservative coadjutant option
to treat patients with CVD.
Chronic venous disease (CVD) is a chronic condition that is associated with venous hypertension, vein’s valves damage, venous obstruction, and calf muscle pump impairment. This blood circulatory condition is also characterized by important inflammatory changes affecting the skin, the subcutaneous tissue and the muscles, which are probably triggered by blood stasis and venous edema. With disease progression, severe ulcerative skin damage might occur, which when present represent the more severe stage of this condition. CVD has a significant economic, social and health impact, mostly due to raised morbidity and chronicity.
The treatment of patients with CVD might focus on both the symptoms and secondary changes of the disease, such as edema, skin and subcutaneous changes or ulcers. Usually, initial treatment of CVD patients involves a non-invasive, conservative treatment to reduce symptoms, treat secondary changes, and help prevent the development of secondary complications and the progression of the disease. Complementary, some interventional or surgical treatments can be undertaken.
There are several conservative treatments to treat and prevent complications associated with CVD that have been described in the literature, like manual lymphatic drainage (MLD) and compression, physical exercise, intermittent pneumatic pressure, kinesio taping, electrical muscle stimulation, transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation, hydrotherapy, and health education. Most of these techniques are complementary to compression therapy or pharmacological treatment.
This chapter will address the role of physical therapists in the management of CVD. The chapter will begin by reviewing the basic physiopathology of CVD, including the role of calf muscle pump. The CEAP classification system and the chronic venous severity score will be presented, as these are main tools for clinical assessment of CVD severity. In the remainder of the chapter will address the physiological effects and recommendations for treating CVD of MLD, based on our clinical experience and own research.
Relatório do projeto final de licenciatura em Design de Comunicação e Produção Audiovisual
Relatório do projeto final de licenciatura em Design de Comunicação e Produção Audiovisual
Relatório do projeto final de licenciatura em Design de Comunicação e Produção Audiovisual
A sociedade inclusiva leva todos os cidadãos à participação na vida comunitária, sem qual- quer discriminação mas, frequentemente, os cidadãos com mobilidade reduzida ou condi- cionada confrontam-se com barreiras de distinta natureza. A condição de pessoa com in- capacidade é árdua e desigual, mesmo salvaguardada pela legislação, mas é essencial efetividade na sua aplicação, que também envolve o Enfermeiro de Reabilitação. Objetivos: Refletir sobre os direitos das pessoas com incapacidade e sobre o papel dos pro- fissionais na ação global da reabilitação, particularmente o dos enfermeiros de reabilita- ção; mobilizar estratégias para a promoção da acessibilidade. Metodologia: Estudo descritivo com recurso à legislação específica, websites oficiais e fon- tes sobre a reabilitação, enfermagem e enfermagem de reabilitação. Resultados: A legislação orienta-se para a proteção do cidadão com mobilidade reduzida ou condicionada. Mas as barreiras existem e são precisas mudanças nas pessoas e na socie- dade, tendo o profissional papel relevante na sua efetivação. Os enfermeiros no geral e os especialistas de reabilitação em particular devem advogar pelas condições necessárias ao usufruto da acessibilidade desenvolvendo estratégias especificas. Conclusões: É preciso monitorização contínua para a igualdade de oportunidades e acessibilidade, que passa pela atitude das pessoas, das entidades responsáveis e dos profissionais. Os enfermeiros de reabilitação devem afirmar-se fazendo parte integrante desta missão.
Background Skeletal age (SA) is an estimate of biological maturity status that is commonly used in sport-related medical examinations. This study considered intra-observer reproducibility and inter-observer agreement of SA assessments among male tennis players.
Methods SA was assessed with the Fels method in 97 male tennis players with chronological ages (CA) spanning 8.7–16.8 years. Radiographs were evaluated by two independent trained observers. Based on the difference between SA and CA, players were classified as late, average or early maturing; if a player was skeletally mature, he was noted as such as an SA is not assigned.
Results The magnitude of intra-individual differences between repeated SA assessments were d = 0.008 year
(observer A) and d = 0.001 year (observer B); the respective coefficients of variation were 1.11% and 1.75%. Interobserver mean differences were negligible (t = 1.252, p = 0.210) and the intra-class correlation coefficient was nearly perfect (ICC = 0.995). Concordance of classifications of players by maturity status between observers was 90%.
Conclusion Fels SA assessments were highly reproducible and showed an acceptable level of inter-observer agreement between trained examiners. Classifications of players by skeletal maturity status based on assessments of the two observers were highly concordant, though not 100%. The results highlight the importance of experienced observers in skeletal maturity assessments.
