A preparação do jovem violinista para o emprego em orquestras de Portugal : o exemplo das escolas profissionais de música
Type
masterThesis
Creator
Identifier
201952718
Title
A preparação do jovem violinista para o emprego em orquestras de Portugal : o exemplo das escolas profissionais de música
Contributor
Castilho, Maria Luísa Faria de Sousa Cerqueira Correia
Subject
Violinista
Orquestra
Formação
Profissão
Relatório
Estágio
Violinist
Orchestra
Training
Job
Report
Internship
Domínio/Área Científica : Humanidades
Orquestra
Formação
Profissão
Relatório
Estágio
Violinist
Orchestra
Training
Job
Report
Internship
Domínio/Área Científica : Humanidades
Date
2018-07-17T19:31:06Z
2018-07-17T19:31:06Z
2018
2018
2018-07-17T19:31:06Z
2018
2018
Description
Ser músico de uma orquestra requer “qualidades artísticas, humanas e sociais particulares”, e para “músicos desprevenidos, entrar numa orquestra é frequentemente um choque” (EOF, 2016, p. 1). Estas características, aplicadas aos violinistas, vão desde aptidões técnicas relacionadas com a execução no contexto de um grupo orquestral numeroso; qualidades musicais relacionadas com audição, estilo, integração no grupo e leitura à primeira vista; qualidades comportamentais e de atitude relacionadas com as relações interpessoais entre músicos e entre as diferentes hierarquias das orquestras, da responsabilidade, profissionalismo e humildade. A estas qualidades acrescenta-se a necessidade de conhecer o funcionamento do mercado, da oferta de emprego, bem como do meio de acesso a este emprego. Estas qualidades ganham particular relevância quando se verifica uma discrepância cada vez mais acentuada entre oferta e procura de emprego nas orquestras e na tipologia dos seus contratos que se têm vindo a tornar, tendencialmente, de curta duração, segundo entidades como o I. N. E.. A oferta de emprego para violinistas de orquestra em Portugal está reduzida a cerca de dezanove contratos de longa duração a cada três anos, somando cerca de 377 candidatos. No entanto, o crescente número de orquestras de projetos em Portugal tem vindo a aumentar o número de contratos a curto prazo. Torna-se, desta forma particularmente importante um formação completa e detalhada dos potenciais músicos de orquestra. No caso português as escolas profissionais de música tentam e, até certo ponto, conseguem oferecer esta formação, dado o número e ex-alunos seus que integram as orquestras nacionais. No sentido de melhor clarificar a abrangência desta formação, este trabalho define o perfil do músico de orquestras aos níveis técnico, musical, e comportamental a partir de uma revisão bibliográfica; e, seguidamente, expõe a oferta de emprego para violinistas de orquestra em Portugal, recolhido junto das orquestras nacionais que oferecem contratos de longa duração (um ano ou superior). Finalmente, apresenta um inquérito realizado junto dos alunos finalistas de violino de cinco escolas profissionais de música que compila toda a informação recolhida. Deste processo foi possível definir o aluno de violino da escola profissional como conhecedor de grande parte das características técnicas, musicais e comportamentais inerentes à profissão de violinista de orquestra. Por outro lado, verificou-se ser um grupo de alunos pouco conscientes do que é o mercado de trabalho das orquestras portuguesas e como aceder a este mercado. Foi possível constatar que a qualidade da formação dos alunos poderá estar mais intimamente relacionada com a sua variedade de experiências do que com a duração dos seus estudos nas escolas profissionais.
Abstract : Being a musician in an orchestra requires "particular artistic, human, and social qualities," and for "unsuspecting musicians, entering an orchestra is often a shock" (EOF, 2016, p. 1). These characteristics, applied to violinists, range from technical skills related to performance in the context of a large orchestral group; musical qualities related to hearing, style, group integration and reading at first sight; behavioral and attitudinal qualities related to the interpersonal relations between musicians and between the different hierarchies of the orchestras, of responsibility, professionalism and humility. To these qualities is added the need to know the functioning of the market, the offer of employment, as well as the means of access to this job. These qualities are particularly relevant when there is an increasing discrepancy between supply and demand of jobs in orchestras and in the typology of their contracts, which tend to be of short duration, according to entities such as I. N. E.. The offer of employment for orchestra violinists in Portugal is reduced to about nineteen long-term contracts every three years, to which applied about 377 candidates. However, the increasing number of project orchestras in Portugal has been increasing the number of short-term contracts. It becomes in this way particularly important a thorough and detailed training of potential orchestra musicians. In the Portuguese case the professional music schools try and, to a certain extent, they can offer this training, given the number and alumni of them that are part of the national orchestras. In order to better clarify the scope of this training, this work defines the musician profile of orchestras at the technical, musical, and behavioral levels from a bibliographic review; and then presents the job offer for orchestra violinists in Portugal, collected from national orchestras that offer long-term contracts (one year or more). Finally, it presents a survey of violin finalists from six professional music schools that compile all the information collected. From this process it was possible to define the violin student of the professional school as knowing much of the technical, musical and behavioral characteristics inherent to the profession of orchestra violinist. On the other hand, it turned out to be a group of students little aware of what the work market of Portuguese orchestras is and how to access this market. It was possible to observe that the quality of the students' training may be more closely related to their variety of experiences than to the duration of their studies in professional schools.
Abstract : Being a musician in an orchestra requires "particular artistic, human, and social qualities," and for "unsuspecting musicians, entering an orchestra is often a shock" (EOF, 2016, p. 1). These characteristics, applied to violinists, range from technical skills related to performance in the context of a large orchestral group; musical qualities related to hearing, style, group integration and reading at first sight; behavioral and attitudinal qualities related to the interpersonal relations between musicians and between the different hierarchies of the orchestras, of responsibility, professionalism and humility. To these qualities is added the need to know the functioning of the market, the offer of employment, as well as the means of access to this job. These qualities are particularly relevant when there is an increasing discrepancy between supply and demand of jobs in orchestras and in the typology of their contracts, which tend to be of short duration, according to entities such as I. N. E.. The offer of employment for orchestra violinists in Portugal is reduced to about nineteen long-term contracts every three years, to which applied about 377 candidates. However, the increasing number of project orchestras in Portugal has been increasing the number of short-term contracts. It becomes in this way particularly important a thorough and detailed training of potential orchestra musicians. In the Portuguese case the professional music schools try and, to a certain extent, they can offer this training, given the number and alumni of them that are part of the national orchestras. In order to better clarify the scope of this training, this work defines the musician profile of orchestras at the technical, musical, and behavioral levels from a bibliographic review; and then presents the job offer for orchestra violinists in Portugal, collected from national orchestras that offer long-term contracts (one year or more). Finally, it presents a survey of violin finalists from six professional music schools that compile all the information collected. From this process it was possible to define the violin student of the professional school as knowing much of the technical, musical and behavioral characteristics inherent to the profession of orchestra violinist. On the other hand, it turned out to be a group of students little aware of what the work market of Portuguese orchestras is and how to access this market. It was possible to observe that the quality of the students' training may be more closely related to their variety of experiences than to the duration of their studies in professional schools.
Access restrictions
openAccess
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Language
por
Comments