Vacinas SARS-COV-2: principais caraterísticas e perspetivas futuras: revisão da bibliografia
Type
article
Creator
Publisher
Identifier
SILVA, Tânia ; ALMEIDA, Elsa (2021) - Vacinas SARS-COV-2 : principais caraterísticas e perspetivas futuras : revisão da bibliografia. HIGEIA : Revista Científica da Escola Superior de Saúde Dr. Lopes Dias. ISSN 2184-5565. Número especial, p. 57-65.
2184-5565
Title
Vacinas SARS-COV-2: principais caraterísticas e perspetivas futuras: revisão da bibliografia
SARS-COV-2 vaccines: main characteristics and future perspectives: literature review
SARS-COV-2 vaccines: main characteristics and future perspectives: literature review
Subject
Covid-19
SarsCoV2
Vacinas
Imunidade
SarsCoV2
Vacinas
Imunidade
Date
2021-06-11T10:54:30Z
2021-06-11T10:54:30Z
2021
2021-06-11T10:54:30Z
2021
Description
O SARS-CoV-2 é um novo coronavírus que surgiu
na cidade de Wuhan, China, a dezembro de 2019 e
que causa a doença COVID-19. É considerada uma
pandemia desde março de 2020 com um número
significativo e ainda crescente de morbilidade e
mortalidade por todo o mundo. Neste sentido, é
prioritário o desenvolvimento de medicamentos e
vacinas seguras e eficazes que consigam travar esta
situação de catástrofe mundial.
Objetivo
expor informações sobre os diferentes tipos de
vacinas contra a SARS-CoV-2 já existentes no
mercado e outras em desenvolvimento ou a aguardar
aprovação.
Métodos
Foi realizada uma revisão da bibliografia existente
quanto aos distintos tipos de vacinas em estudo
contra a SARS-CoV-2, com destaque para as 3 já
aprovadas pela Agência Europeia de Medicamentos
e com administração na população.
Discussão
As vacinas são uma estratégia de prevenção de
infeções bastante eficaz, compostas por várias
substâncias sensibilizadoras do organismo que
produzem respostas imunitárias eficientes. Podem
ser clássicas com vírus inativados, atenuados ou
partículas semelhantes a vírus ou de próxima geração
com RNA, DNA ou vetores. Existem já distintas
candidatas contra a COVID-19, 3 delas já aprovadas
por autoridades certificadas, no entanto, são ainda
necessários mais estudos até à obtenção de vacinas
ideais com consequente imunidade comunitária de
forma a erradicar a pandemia.
Conclusão
Todas as vacinas apresentam distintas caraterísticas,
vantagens e desvantagens. O contínuo estudo das
candidatas contra a COVID-19, em conjunto com
estratégias preventivas, é essencial para conseguir
erradicar a atual ou possíveis futuras pandemias.
Abstract SARS-CoV-2 is a new coronavirus that appeared in the city of Wuhan, China, in December 2019 and that causes the disease COVID-19. It has been considered a pandemic since March 2020 with a significant and still increasing number of morbidity and mortality worldwide. In this sense, the development of safe and effective drugs and vaccines that manage to stop this situation of global catastrophe is a priority. Objetive to expose information on the different types of vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 already on the market and others under development or awaiting approval. Methods A review of the existing literature on the different types of vaccines under study against SARS-CoV-2 was carried out, with emphasis on the 3 already approved by the European Medicines Agency and administered to the population. Discussion Vaccines are a very effective infection prevention strategy, composed of various sensitizing substances in the body that produce efficient immune responses. They can be classic with inactivated, attenuated or virus-like particles or next-generation viruses with RNA, DNA, or vectors. There are already different candidates against COVID-19, 3 of which have already been approved by certified authorities, however, further studies are still needed until obtaining ideal vaccines with consequent community immunity that manage to eradicate the pandemic. Conclusion All vaccines have different characteristics, advantages, and disadvantages. The continuous study of candidates against COVID-19, together with preventive strategies, is essential to successfully eradicate the current or future pandemic.
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
Abstract SARS-CoV-2 is a new coronavirus that appeared in the city of Wuhan, China, in December 2019 and that causes the disease COVID-19. It has been considered a pandemic since March 2020 with a significant and still increasing number of morbidity and mortality worldwide. In this sense, the development of safe and effective drugs and vaccines that manage to stop this situation of global catastrophe is a priority. Objetive to expose information on the different types of vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 already on the market and others under development or awaiting approval. Methods A review of the existing literature on the different types of vaccines under study against SARS-CoV-2 was carried out, with emphasis on the 3 already approved by the European Medicines Agency and administered to the population. Discussion Vaccines are a very effective infection prevention strategy, composed of various sensitizing substances in the body that produce efficient immune responses. They can be classic with inactivated, attenuated or virus-like particles or next-generation viruses with RNA, DNA, or vectors. There are already different candidates against COVID-19, 3 of which have already been approved by certified authorities, however, further studies are still needed until obtaining ideal vaccines with consequent community immunity that manage to eradicate the pandemic. Conclusion All vaccines have different characteristics, advantages, and disadvantages. The continuous study of candidates against COVID-19, together with preventive strategies, is essential to successfully eradicate the current or future pandemic.
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
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openAccess
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
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