Effect of Acacia melanoxylon fibre morphology on papermaking potential
Simões, R.M.
2011
Alterações estruturais e funcionais do coração em indivíduos fumadores
Type
article
Publisher
Identifier
SILVA, Ana Sofia ; ALCAFACHE, Carlos ; MOTA, Mauro (2021) - Alterações estruturais e funcionais do coração em indivíduos fumadores. HIGEIA : Revista Científica da Escola Superior de Saúde Dr. Lopes Dias. ISSN 2184-5565. Ano III, vol. 5 , nº 1, p. 21-30.
2184-5565
Title
Alterações estruturais e funcionais do coração em indivíduos fumadores
Structural and functional changes of the heart in smokers
Structural and functional changes of the heart in smokers
Subject
Ecocardiografia
Tabagismo
Cardiopatias
Echocardiography
Tobacco
Use disorder
Heart diseases
Tabagismo
Cardiopatias
Echocardiography
Tobacco
Use disorder
Heart diseases
Date
2021-06-11T13:56:31Z
2021-06-11T13:56:31Z
2021
2021-06-11T13:56:31Z
2021
Description
Introdução
O tabagismo é um fator de risco modificável que
provoca diversas lesões no organismo. Os fumadores
apresentam, comparativamente aos não fumadores,
risco acrescido de doença cardiovascular. A evidência
científica demonstra que, o consumo de apenas um
cigarro por dia é suficiente para aumentar o risco de
desenvolvimento de doença coronária e acidente
vascular cerebral, que aumenta com os anos de
tabagismo e com o número de cigarros por dia.
Objetivo
Este estudo pretende descrever o impacto do
tabagismo a nível funcional e estrutural no coração.
Métodos
O presente estudo é do tipo analítico, observacional
e transversal. Todos os sujeitos foram submetidos
à realização de um ecocardiograma transtorácico.
Foram registados parâmetros ecocardiográficos
como o volume da aurícula esquerda (AE), a fração
de ejeção do ventrículo esquerdo (FEVE), a Relação
E/e´, grau de disfunção diastólica, pressão sistólica
da artéria pulmonar (PSAP), excursão sistólica do
plano anular tricúspide (TAPSE), área da aurícula
direita, massa do ventrículo esquerdo (VE) e
diâmetro telediastólico do VE.
Resultados
A amostra do estudo foi composta por 100
indivíduos, divididos em dois grupos: 50 fumadores
e 50 não fumadores. Verificou-se uma diminuição
estatisticamente significativa da FEVE no grupo de
fumadores (p=0,012). Do grupo de fumadores, 12%
apresentou alterações na contratilidade segmentar
do VE (p=0,02). O grupo de fumadores apresentou
valores médios mais altos para o volume da AE,
massa e diâmetro telediastólico do VE, área da
aurícula direita, PSAP e relação E/e´, não sendo,
no entanto, as diferenças, para com o grupo de
não fumadores, estatisticamente significativas.
Observou-se uma correlação moderada entre as
alterações nos parâmetros ecocardiográficos e a
carga tabágica e anos de fumador (p≤0,01), com
exceção da correlação entre TAPSE e anos de
fumador, que não foi significativa (p=0,508). Conclusão
A diminuição da FEVE e as alterações na
contratilidade do VE estão associadas ao consumo
de tabaco. A carga tabágica e os anos de consumo
têm impacto negativo na função e estrutura
cardíaca. Os parâmetros ecocardiográficos relativos
à função sistólica e diastólica apresentam valores
ligeiramente divergentes da normalidade, o que
poderá ser um indicador precoce de possíveis
repercussões com a continuação do hábito de fumar.
A quantidade, a duração e a frequência do consumo
de tabaco indiciam, por isso, efeitos prejudiciais no
sistema cardiovascular.
ABSTRACT: Introduction Smoking is a modifiable risk factor that causes various injuries to the body. Smokers have an increased risk of cardiovascular disease compared to non-smokers. Scientific evidence shows that the consumption of just one cigarette per day is sufficient to increase the risk of developing coronary heart disease and stroke, which increases with the years of smoking and the number of cigarettes per day. Objective This study aims to describe the functional and structural impact of smoking on the heart. Methods The present study is analytical, observational and cross-sectional. All subjects underwent an echocardiogram. Echocardiographic parameters were recorded, such as left atrial volume (LA), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), E/e´ ratio, degree of diastolic dysfunction, pulmonary artery systolic pressure (PSAP), systolic excursion of the plane annular tricuspid (TAPSE), right atrium area, left ventricular (LV) mass and left ventricular telediastolic diameter. Results The study sample consisted of 100 individuals, divided into two groups: 50 smokers and 50 nonsmokers. There was a statistically significant decrease in LVEF in the group of smokers (p=0.012). Of the group of smokers, 12% showed changes in left ventricular segmental contractility (p=0.02). The group of smokers had higher mean values for left atrial volume, left ventricular mass and telediastolic diameter, right atrium area, PSAP and E/e´ ratio, however, the differences are not, for the group of non-smokers, statistically significant. There was a moderate correlation between changes in echocardiographic parameters and smoking burden and years of smoking (p≤0.01), with the exception of the correlation between TAPSE and years of smoking, which was not significant (p=0.508). The amount, duration and frequency of tobacco use therefore indicate harmful effects on the cardiovascular system. Conclusion The decrease in LVEF and changes in left ventricular contractility are associated with tobacco consumption. Smoking burden and years of consumption have a negative impact on cardiac function and structure. The echocardiographic parameters related to systolic and diastolic function have slightly different values from normal, which may be an early indicator of possible repercussions with the continuation of smoking.
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
ABSTRACT: Introduction Smoking is a modifiable risk factor that causes various injuries to the body. Smokers have an increased risk of cardiovascular disease compared to non-smokers. Scientific evidence shows that the consumption of just one cigarette per day is sufficient to increase the risk of developing coronary heart disease and stroke, which increases with the years of smoking and the number of cigarettes per day. Objective This study aims to describe the functional and structural impact of smoking on the heart. Methods The present study is analytical, observational and cross-sectional. All subjects underwent an echocardiogram. Echocardiographic parameters were recorded, such as left atrial volume (LA), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), E/e´ ratio, degree of diastolic dysfunction, pulmonary artery systolic pressure (PSAP), systolic excursion of the plane annular tricuspid (TAPSE), right atrium area, left ventricular (LV) mass and left ventricular telediastolic diameter. Results The study sample consisted of 100 individuals, divided into two groups: 50 smokers and 50 nonsmokers. There was a statistically significant decrease in LVEF in the group of smokers (p=0.012). Of the group of smokers, 12% showed changes in left ventricular segmental contractility (p=0.02). The group of smokers had higher mean values for left atrial volume, left ventricular mass and telediastolic diameter, right atrium area, PSAP and E/e´ ratio, however, the differences are not, for the group of non-smokers, statistically significant. There was a moderate correlation between changes in echocardiographic parameters and smoking burden and years of smoking (p≤0.01), with the exception of the correlation between TAPSE and years of smoking, which was not significant (p=0.508). The amount, duration and frequency of tobacco use therefore indicate harmful effects on the cardiovascular system. Conclusion The decrease in LVEF and changes in left ventricular contractility are associated with tobacco consumption. Smoking burden and years of consumption have a negative impact on cardiac function and structure. The echocardiographic parameters related to systolic and diastolic function have slightly different values from normal, which may be an early indicator of possible repercussions with the continuation of smoking.
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
Access restrictions
openAccess
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Language
por
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